Wilberforce University

Private, coeducational institution of higher learning in Wilberforce, Ohio, U.S. It is affiliated with the African Methodist Episcopal Church. Wilberforce is a liberal arts university offering undergraduate programs in business, engineering, sciences, humanities, and other areas. All students must participate in the cooperative education program, a program

Cermak, Anton J.

Cermak was born about 50 miles (80 km) from Prague but celebrated his first birthday on Ellis Island in New York harbour. His parents settled in Braidwood, Ill., where,

Yodo River

Japanese �Yodo-gawa,� river, central western Honshu, Japan. The Yodo is the sole outlet of Lake Biwa, the country's largest freshwater lake, from which it issues in a southwesterly direction to Osaka Bay, connecting the Kyoto Basin with the Osaka Plain. It was a major means of transportation and communication during the Tokugawa period (1603 - 1867). The river is dammed for hydroelectricity and

Palayankottai

Also called �Palamcottah, � city, southern Tamil Nadu state, southeastern India. It lies across the Tambraparni River from its twin city of Tirunelveli. Palayankottai is a residential and educational centre in the Tirunelveli urban agglomeration. It is a major centre of Christian missions in southern India and has private Christian schools and Christian and other colleges affiliated with

Amu Darya

English �Amu River, �Tajik �Daryoi Amu, �Turkmen �Amyderya, �Uzbek �Amudaryo, �ancient name �Oxus River� one of the longest rivers of Central Asia. It is formed by the confluence of the Vakhsh and Panj (Pyandzh) rivers and flows west-northwest to its mouth on the southern shore of the Aral Sea. In its upper course the Amu Darya forms part of Afghanistan's northern border with Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan. It then flows across the desert of eastern Turkmenistan

Dominican

Byname �Black Friar�, member of �Order of Friars Preachers�, also called �Order of Preachers (O.P.)� one of the four great mendicant orders of the Roman Catholic church, was founded by St. Dominic in 1215. Dominic, a priest of the Spanish diocese of Osma, accompanied his bishop on a preaching mission among the Albigensian heretics of southern France, where he founded a nunnery at Prouille in 1206, partly for his converts, which was served by a community of preachers. From this developed

Deva

City, capital of Hunedoara judet (county), west-central Romania, on the banks of the Mures River, at an elevation of 590 feet (180 m). The town is dominated by Citadel Hill (1,217 feet), shaped like a truncated cone, which affords a commanding view of the Mures valley. Atop the hill are the ruins of a citadel, built in the 13th century at the time of the Mongol invasions. The city grew in the protective

Noricum

Region of Europe north of what is now Italy, roughly comprising modern central Austria and parts of Bavaria, Ger. Noricum was originally a kingdom controlled by a Celtic confederacy that dominated an earlier Illyrian population. It reached its greatest extent during the early period: on the east it included Carnuntum (about 20 miles [32 km] east of Vindobona [now

Rimbaud, Arthur

In full� Jean-nicolas-arthur Rimbaud � French poet and adventurer who won renown among the Symbolist movement and markedly influenced modern poetry.

Aurora

City, Adams, Arapahoe, and Douglas counties, north-central Colorado, U.S. An eastern suburb of Denver, Aurora was the third most populous city in Colorado at the start of the 21st century and, occupying 280 square miles (725 square km), the state's largest city in area. Founded during the silver boom of 1891 and named Fletcher after its Canadian-born founder, Donald Fletcher, it flourished

Ear, Human, Semicircular canals

The three semicircular canals of the bony labyrinth are designated, according to their position, superior, horizontal, and posterior (Figure 3). The superior and posterior canals are in diagonal vertical planes that intersect at right angles. Each canal has an expanded end, the ampulla, which opens into the vestibule. The ampullae of the horizontal and superior canals

Iliescu, Ion

Iliescu received a degree in business from the Polytechnic Institute of Bucharest and then studied engineering in Moscow. In 1953 he joined the Communist Party, and he held positions of increasing prestige during the following decade. A prot�g� of Nicolae Ceausescu, he benefited

Terbrugghen, Hendrik

In the early 1590s Terbrugghen's family moved to Utrecht, a strong Roman Catholic centre, where he studied with Abraham Bloemaert. Terbrugghen reportedly spent 10 years in Italy, having arrived in Rome about 1604, and thus could have had direct contact

Biblical Literature, Textual criticism: scholarly problems

As to when and how a single text type gained hegemony and then displaced all others, it is clear that the early and widespread public reading of the Scriptures in the synagogues of Palestine,

China, Urban socialist changes

Mao combined this massive transformation of the agricultural sector with a call for the �socialist transformation� of industry and commerce, in which the government would become, in effect, the major partner. In Chinese Communist fashion, this change was not simply decreed from above. Rather, extreme pressures were put on private merchants and capitalists in late

Man-of-war Fish

(species Nomeus gronovii), small marine fish of the family Nomeidae (order Perciformes; sometimes placed in family Stromateidae), noted for living unharmed among the stinging tentacles of the Portuguese man-of-war jellyfish (Physalia). The man-of-war fish is usually found in the open sea, near its protector. It is striped or mottled, with large, black pelvic fins and is about

Passeriform, Size range and structural diversity

Passerines are small to medium-sized land birds, ranging from about 7.5 to about 117 centimetres (three to 46 inches) in overall length. Among the tiniest species are the New World flycatchers (Tyrannidae), New Zealand wrens (Xenicidae), titmice (Paridae), flower-peckers (Dicaeidae), tanagers (Thraupidae), and waxbills (Estrildidae). The heaviest are the lyrebirds (Menuridae) of Australia

Iacocca, Lee

The son of an Italian immigrant, Iacocca graduated from Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pa., in 1945 and received a master's degree

Pro Ju�rez, Miguel

The son of a socially prominent family, Pro entered the Jesuit novitiate in 1911. Because of government persecutions, he fled to California (1914 - 15) and then to Spain (1915 - 19) and taught in Nicaragua from 1919 to 1922. He returned to Spain and then studied in Enghien,

Vaihinger, Hans

Vaihinger taught philosophy at the University of Halle from 1884 to 1906, when nearsightedness

Babylonian Talmud

Also called �Talmud Bavli� one of two compilations of Jewish religious teachings and commentary that was transmitted orally for centuries prior to its compilation by Jewish scholars in Babylon about the 5th century AD. The other such compilation, produced in Palestine, is called the Palestinian Talmud, or Talmud Yerushalmi. See Talmud.

Plumebird

Any of several bird-of-paradise species. See bird-of-paradise.

Sogetsu

20th-century Japanese school of floral art that introduced the zen'ei (�avant-garde�) ikebana style in which freedom of expression is preeminent. Founded by Teshigahara Sofu in 1927, the school rose to prominence after World War II. It appeals to contemporary tastes by largely disregarding the classic formal rules; containers of any shape and material are used, and man-made materials

Biblical Literature, Definitions

A vast amount of Jewish literature written in the intertestamental period (mainly 2nd and 1st centuries BCE) and from the 1st and 2nd centuries CE was preserved, for the most part, through various Christian churches. A part of this literature is today commonly called the Apocrypha (Hidden; hence, secret books; singular apocryphon). At one time in the early church this was one of the

Dayton, University Of

Private, coeducational institution of higher learning in Dayton, Ohio, U.S. The university is affiliated with the Marianist (Society of Mary) order of the Roman Catholic church. It is composed of the College of Arts and Sciences and schools of business administration, education, engineering, and law. The university offers a range of undergraduate and graduate degree

Damir, Al-

Also spelled �El-Damer �or �Al-Damar� town, northeastern Sudan. It lies on the right (east) bank of the Nile River, about 155 miles (250 km) northeast of Khartoum. Located at an elevation of 1,158 feet (353 metres), it is a local commercial centre for the date-producing areas to the north. The town's industries include date packing, distilling of alcohol and liqueurs, and canning of other local produce, such as tomatoes, mangoes, and

Zinn, Walter Henry

In 1934 Zinn received a Ph.D. from Columbia University in New York. He was recruited by Enrico Fermi for the Manhattan Project, and it was he who, at the University

L�ger, Fernand

L�ger was born into a peasant family in a small town in Normandy. He served a two-year apprenticeship in an architect's

Mosquito

As a night fighter, the Mosquito downed more than 600 Luftwaffe